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Lineamientos que establecen el procedimiento para instruir la unificación de yacimientos compartidos y aprobar los términos y condiciones del Acuerdo de Unificación



El contenido del resumen es responsabilidad de la dependencia.


Resumen del anteproyecto


Los lineamientos tienen por objeto establecer el procedimiento para instruir la Unificación de Yacimientos Compartidos nacionales y aprobar los términos y condiciones del Acuerdo de Unificación con la finalidad de que los Asignatarios y/o Contratistas realicen las actividades de Extracción de Hidrocarburos bajo los principios de economía, competitividad, eficiencia, legalidad, las Mejores Prácticas de la Industria y el mayor aprovechamiento de los mismos.

El contenido del resumen es responsabilidad de la dependencia.


Summary of the draft


The aim of this Guidelines is to establish the procedure for instructing the Unitization of national shared reservoirs and to approve the terms and conditions of the Unitization Agreement in order to allow the Assignees and/or Licensees carry out the joint activities of extraction of hydrocarbons under the principles of economy, competitiveness, efficiency, legality and the best practices of the industry.

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Fecha: 13/03/2018 12:50:00

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Fecha: 27/11/2017 13:55:00

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Fecha: 24/11/2017 11:59:00

Comentario emitido por: Nombre de usuario no publico


Se hacen llegar comentarios en relación al proyecto de la SENER de Lineamientos que establecen el Procedimiento para Instruir la Unificación de Yacimientos Compartidos y Aprobar los Términos y Condiciones del Acuerdo de Unitización

Fecha: 22/11/2017 18:37:31

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Fecha: 21/11/2017 09:02:00

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Fecha: 13/11/2017 09:02:00

Comentario emitido por: George Baker


The draft guidelines (Anteproyecto) rightly seek to fill in a missing piece of the regulatory framework of the Energy Reform. There is no urgency in filling in this missing piece, although it would be fitting to have it completed during the present administration. In the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, of 100 leases, only 2-3 ever come to need unitization agreements. 1. The purpose of the Guidelines (as explained by SENER in its response in Section II of the COFEMER Formulario) is to disallow the so-called Rule of Capture in Mexico. This "rule" allows any operator to claim as its own any barrel of oil (or Mcf of natural gas) that is produced from its well, regardless of whether or not the barrel or Mcf may have been extracted from an adjacent well. BACKGROUND 2. A quick look at images of the Spindletop field in Texas in 1901 will illustrate the need for regulations that protect the lease-owner from predators from adjacent blocks by offs-set drillers. 3. It would be soon recognized that the oil company that made a discovery needed legal and regulatory protection from other companies what would drill wells that would drain its reservoir. 4. It would also be recognized that when a reservoir extended into the area of another lease-holder, the latter needed legal and regulatory protection against the risk that its share of production could be "captured" by a neighboring party.  5. Regulations would be issued that would require the "unitization" of the two leases; that is, the areas (acres or square kilometers) of Lease-holder A and Lease-holder B that corresponded to the extension of a reservoir would be established as a single, unified "Production Unit" that would have its own joint operating agreement, operator and division of working interest. 6. These agreements would be submitted to a regulator for approval or adjustment, as necessary. 7. In the case that there were no agreement at all as to unitization, the regulator would serve as a forum in which the party that believed its interests were being harmed by operations on an adjacent lease could petition for relief, asking that the regulator rule on the convenience of a unitized lease. 7. Were the parties unable to agree on an operating agreement or division of working interest, the regular could, in effect, force them to come to an agreement by ordering the suspension of all operations in the area of the reservoir. 8. The regulator might also intervene if there were a risk that the agreements governing operations and working interest were to put in jeopardy its rightful claims to royalty payments. We may consider the situation in which the distribution of hydrocarbons was 20/80 in between Leases A and B. All other things being equal, the distribution of working interest in the reservoir should be 20/80. The situation could occur, however, that the owner of Lease A has a tolerance of risk or available capital for only 10% of the estimated cost of exploration and development. In this situation, the operating agreement might provide for Lease-holder A to have only 10% interest, even though the resources on its side of the lease-line were 20%. This situation would not be an inconvenience for the regulator provided that the royalty rates of the two leases were the same; but, if Lease A's royalty rate were higher than that of Lease B, the regulator might impose compensatory royalty payments on Leaseholder A to make up for the difference between the two rates. 9. In this way, provided that there is a regulator that can offer a forum for parties that believe that their interests are harm by off-set drilling, and provided that the regulator has the authority to order the suspension of operations to incentivize the an agreement, under these two conditions the economics of the Rule of Capture are self-correcting.  THE SENER GUIDELINES 10. The SENER guidelines do not, however, consider this self-correcting dimension. Instead, they presume that the only protection of the interests of the adjacent lease-holder (into whose area the reservoir is presumed to extend) is to order unitization at the earliest possible moment, namely, when there is geological information that indicates the occurrence of a reservoir that either crosses lease lines or extends into an unleased block. 11. This approach to regulation ignores the fundamental question of the commerciality of the two areas. Before a definitive unitization agreement may be negotiated, it must be shown that the hydrocarbon deposits on both sides of the lease lines are independently commercial. (It could happen that, because of a geological fault, the 20% on one side of the lease line might be not commercial, in which case the 80% lease-owner would rightly object to unitization.) 12. These considerations point to the need of the regulator to allow the processes of exploration and commercial negotiation to take their course without prematurely intervening. The regulator should take a hands-off, back-of-the-line attitude toward the efforts of the parties to decide on issues of commerciality and risk. 13. The proposed guidelines of the Energy Ministry, in contrast, require an proactive intervention of the regulator at the first geological indication that there a reservoir might extend beyond the original lease. The proposed guidelines do not consider question of commerciality or of the right of a lease-holder to adjust its working interest in accordance with its tolerance (and budget) for risk. RECOMMENDATIONS 13. Valuable comments have been submitted by CNH, Pemex, AMEXHI, Covar Energy Consulting and others; but none squarely addresses the central issue, namely, that the proposed guidelines serve neither the revenue interests of the Nation nor the commercial interests of the parties. 13. COFEMER should not approve the proposed guidelines for publication in the Diario Oficial de la Federación; instead, they should be returned to the Ministry with the recommendation that the approach to unitization allow for the determination of commerciality and risk by the parties prior to intervention by the regulator prior to intervention by the State. 14. To encourage an agreement between the parties, the regulator should have the authority to order the suspension of operations; but it should not have the authority to set the terms of a unitization agreement. (Were the regulator to impose a working interest on the parties, and were one of the parties to disagree with the allocation, it could characterize the decision as wrongful appropriation or virtual expropriation, and initiate legal actions in Mexico and international venues, such as the arbitration courts provided in NAFTA.) 15. To return to the self-correcting dimension of the Rule of Capture: if the regulations provide a forum where one party may petition for unitization (which should be determined by consideration of commerciality and risk), and if the regular has appropriate authority to motivate the parties to negotiate an agreement (as by the ability to order the suspension of operations), then the very principle of the "rule of capture" allows both parties to capture their rightful, respective interest in the resource and in this way the recovery of hydrocarbon resources is optimized for the benefit of the parties as well as the Nation. George Baker Mexico Energy Intelligence Houston (832) 434-3928

Fecha: 10/11/2017 20:41:48

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Fecha: 10/11/2017 09:01:00

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Fecha: 03/11/2017 09:11:00

Comentario emitido por: Rogelio Javier Montemayor Garcia


1)       Artículo 10. El procedimiento para que la Secretaría evalúe y determine la existencia de un Yacimiento Compartido y, en su caso, instruya la Unificación del mismo comenzará con el aviso dado por los Asignatarios y/o Contratistas o con la Solicitud de Unificación a éstos en términos de lo establecido en el presente Capítulo.   En tanto la Secretaría determina lo conducente respecto a la existencia de un Yacimiento Compartido, emite la instrucción de Unificación, aprueba el Acuerdo de Unificación o, en su caso, emite la Resolución de Unificación, los Asignatarios y/o Contratistas podrán realizar las Actividades Petroleras que se encuentren establecidas en los planes y programas respectivos, aprobados por la Comisión, siempre y cuando no se genere un daño al Yacimiento Compartido, o se lleve a cabo la Regla de Captura.   Considerando que el concepto de la Regla de Captura es  la práctica conocida a nivel internacional mediante la cual el Asignatario y/o Contratista al perforar uno o más Pozos desde su Área de Asignación o Área Contractual podría extraer los Hidrocarburos de un Yacimiento Compartido, sin importar si éstos están ubicados fuera de la superficie y profundidad a que tiene derecho y pasaron a ser parte de la misma a medida que se fueron produciendo.   Este punto debería ser reescrito o revisado, tomando en cuenta que en algunas Áreas Contractuales, operadas por terceros, hay pozos ubicados sobre vértice de los limites superficiales  y parte del área de drene se ubica fuera de la misma.   2)       Artículo 11. Los Asignatarios y/o Contratistas deberán dar aviso a la Secretaría y a la Comisión sobre el Descubrimiento de un Yacimiento Compartido, en un plazo que no excederá los sesenta días hábiles posteriores a que dicho evento ocurra y haber reunido los elementos necesarios.   Lo anterior, sin menoscabo de que el Yacimiento Compartido esté ubicado en dos o más Áreas de Asignación o Áreas Contractuales en las cuales se lleven a cabo las actividades de Exploración y/o Extracción, o bien se ubique parcialmente en áreas en las que no se encuentre vigente una Asignación o Contrato para la Exploración y Extracción o que se trate de Contratistas individuales o de Contratistas en consorcios o asociaciones en participación.   Se considera importante incluir un artículo para Campos maduros, considerando que en algunas Áreas Contractuales los polígonos del AC bajo Asignación o Contrato no considera límites de yacimiento y pudieran identificarse pozos de un  mismo yacimiento dentro y fuera del área asignada.   3)       Artículo 13. Los elementos que deberá contener el aviso a que hacen referencia los artículos 62 del Reglamento y 11 de estos Lineamientos son al menos los siguientes:   Se considera importante mencionar que las condiciones de presión de yacimiento no son originales, ya que han variado por la extracción, por lo que se debe  incluir pruebas estáticas de presión, pruebas de producción  y pruebas restauración de presión en pozos dentro y fuera del Área Contractual. 

Fecha: 01/11/2017 16:47:34



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SENER-Secretaría de Energía

Fecha Publicación:

12/10/2017 15:46:54

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13/0040/121017